/* crypto/bf/bfspeed.c */ /* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com) * All rights reserved. * * This package is an SSL implementation written * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com). * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL. * * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as * the following conditions are aheared to. The following conditions * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA, * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code. The SSL documentation * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com). * * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in * the code are not to be removed. * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution * as the author of the parts of the library used. * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * "This product includes cryptographic software written by * Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)" * The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library * being used are not cryptographic related :-). * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from * the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement: * "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)" * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or * derivative of this code cannot be changed. i.e. this code cannot simply be * copied and put under another distribution licence * [including the GNU Public Licence.] */ /* 11-Sep-92 Andrew Daviel Support for Silicon Graphics IRIX added */ /* 06-Apr-92 Luke Brennan Support for VMS and add extra signal calls */ #if !defined(OPENSSL_SYS_MSDOS) && (!defined(OPENSSL_SYS_VMS) || defined(__DECC)) && !defined(OPENSSL_SYS_MACOSX) #define TIMES #endif #include #include #include OPENSSL_UNISTD_IO OPENSSL_DECLARE_EXIT #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE #include #endif #ifndef _IRIX #include #endif #ifdef TIMES #include #include #endif /* Depending on the VMS version, the tms structure is perhaps defined. The __TMS macro will show if it was. If it wasn't defined, we should undefine TIMES, since that tells the rest of the program how things should be handled. -- Richard Levitte */ #if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_VMS_DECC) && !defined(__TMS) #undef TIMES #endif #ifndef TIMES #include #endif #if defined(sun) || defined(__ultrix) #define _POSIX_SOURCE #include #include #endif #include /* The following if from times(3) man page. It may need to be changed */ #ifndef HZ #ifndef CLK_TCK #define HZ 100.0 #else /* CLK_TCK */ #define HZ ((double)CLK_TCK) #endif #endif #define BUFSIZE ((long)1024) long run=0; double Time_F(int s); #ifdef SIGALRM #if defined(__STDC__) || defined(sgi) || defined(_AIX) #define SIGRETTYPE void #else #define SIGRETTYPE int #endif SIGRETTYPE sig_done(int sig); SIGRETTYPE sig_done(int sig) { signal(SIGALRM,sig_done); run=0; #ifdef LINT sig=sig; #endif } #endif #define START 0 #define STOP 1 double Time_F(int s) { double ret; #ifdef TIMES static struct tms tstart,tend; if (s == START) { times(&tstart); return(0); } else { times(&tend); ret=((double)(tend.tms_utime-tstart.tms_utime))/HZ; return((ret == 0.0)?1e-6:ret); } #else /* !times() */ static struct timeb tstart,tend; long i; if (s == START) { ftime(&tstart); return(0); } else { ftime(&tend); i=(long)tend.millitm-(long)tstart.millitm; ret=((double)(tend.time-tstart.time))+((double)i)/1e3; return((ret == 0.0)?1e-6:ret); } #endif } int main(int argc, char **argv) { long count; static unsigned char buf[BUFSIZE]; static unsigned char key[] ={ 0x12,0x34,0x56,0x78,0x9a,0xbc,0xde,0xf0, 0xfe,0xdc,0xba,0x98,0x76,0x54,0x32,0x10, }; BF_KEY sch; double a,b,c,d; #ifndef SIGALRM long ca,cb,cc; #endif #ifndef TIMES printf("To get the most accurate results, try to run this\n"); printf("program when this computer is idle.\n"); #endif #ifndef SIGALRM printf("First we calculate the approximate speed ...\n"); BF_set_key(&sch,16,key); count=10; do { long i; BF_LONG data[2]; count*=2; Time_F(START); for (i=count; i; i--) BF_encrypt(data,&sch); d=Time_F(STOP); } while (d < 3.0); ca=count/512; cb=count; cc=count*8/BUFSIZE+1; printf("Doing BF_set_key %ld times\n",ca); #define COND(d) (count != (d)) #define COUNT(d) (d) #else #define COND(c) (run) #define COUNT(d) (count) signal(SIGALRM,sig_done); printf("Doing BF_set_key for 10 seconds\n"); alarm(10); #endif Time_F(START); for (count=0,run=1; COND(ca); count+=4) { BF_set_key(&sch,16,key); BF_set_key(&sch,16,key); BF_set_key(&sch,16,key); BF_set_key(&sch,16,key); } d=Time_F(STOP); printf("%ld BF_set_key's in %.2f seconds\n",count,d); a=((double)COUNT(ca))/d; #ifdef SIGALRM printf("Doing BF_encrypt's for 10 seconds\n"); alarm(10); #else printf("Doing BF_encrypt %ld times\n",cb); #endif Time_F(START); for (count=0,run=1; COND(cb); count+=4) { BF_LONG data[2]; BF_encrypt(data,&sch); BF_encrypt(data,&sch); BF_encrypt(data,&sch); BF_encrypt(data,&sch); } d=Time_F(STOP); printf("%ld BF_encrypt's in %.2f second\n",count,d); b=((double)COUNT(cb)*8)/d; #ifdef SIGALRM printf("Doing BF_cbc_encrypt on %ld byte blocks for 10 seconds\n", BUFSIZE); alarm(10); #else printf("Doing BF_cbc_encrypt %ld times on %ld byte blocks\n",cc, BUFSIZE); #endif Time_F(START); for (count=0,run=1; COND(cc); count++) BF_cbc_encrypt(buf,buf,BUFSIZE,&sch, &(key[0]),BF_ENCRYPT); d=Time_F(STOP); printf("%ld BF_cbc_encrypt's of %ld byte blocks in %.2f second\n", count,BUFSIZE,d); c=((double)COUNT(cc)*BUFSIZE)/d; printf("Blowfish set_key per sec = %12.3f (%9.3fuS)\n",a,1.0e6/a); printf("Blowfish raw ecb bytes per sec = %12.3f (%9.3fuS)\n",b,8.0e6/b); printf("Blowfish cbc bytes per sec = %12.3f (%9.3fuS)\n",c,8.0e6/c); exit(0); #if defined(LINT) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_MSDOS) return(0); #endif } 52' href='#n152'>152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 
"""
Global context for rpkid.

$Id$

Copyright (C) 2009  Internet Systems Consortium ("ISC")

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

Portions copyright (C) 2007--2008  American Registry for Internet Numbers ("ARIN")

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ARIN DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ARIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
"""

import lxml.etree, re, random
import rpki.resource_set, rpki.up_down, rpki.left_right, rpki.x509, rpki.sql
import rpki.https, rpki.config, rpki.exceptions, rpki.relaxng, rpki.log, rpki.async

class rpkid_context(object):
  """
  A container for various global rpkid parameters.
  """

  def __init__(self, cfg):

    self.sql = rpki.sql.session(cfg)

    self.bpki_ta    = rpki.x509.X509(Auto_file = cfg.get("bpki-ta"))
    self.irdb_cert  = rpki.x509.X509(Auto_file = cfg.get("irdb-cert"))
    self.irbe_cert  = rpki.x509.X509(Auto_file = cfg.get("irbe-cert"))
    self.rpkid_cert = rpki.x509.X509(Auto_file = cfg.get("rpkid-cert"))
    self.rpkid_key  = rpki.x509.RSA( Auto_file = cfg.get("rpkid-key"))

    self.irdb_url   = cfg.get("irdb-url")

    self.https_server_host = cfg.get("server-host", "")
    self.https_server_port = cfg.getint("server-port", 4433)

    self.publication_kludge_base = cfg.get("publication-kludge-base", "publication/")

    self.use_internal_cron = cfg.getboolean("use-internal-cron", True)

    self.initial_delay = random.randint(cfg.getint("initial-delay-min", 10),
                                        cfg.getint("initial-delay-max", 120))
    
    self.cron_period = cfg.getint("cron-period", 120) # Should be much longer in production

  def start_cron(self):
    """
    Start clock for rpkid's internal cron process.
    """

    if self.use_internal_cron:
      when = rpki.sundial.now() + rpki.sundial.timedelta(seconds = self.initial_delay)
      rpki.log.debug("Scheduling initial cron pass at %s" % when)
      rpki.async.timer(handler = self.cron).set(when)
    else:
      rpki.log.debug("Not using internal clock, start_cron() call ignored")

  def irdb_query(self, q_pdu, callback, errback):
    """
    Perform an IRDB callback query.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()

    q_msg = rpki.left_right.msg.query()
    q_msg.append(q_pdu)
    q_cms = rpki.left_right.cms_msg.wrap(q_msg, self.rpkid_key, self.rpkid_cert)

    def unwrap(der):
      r_msg = rpki.left_right.cms_msg.unwrap(der, (self.bpki_ta, self.irdb_cert))
      if not r_msg.is_reply() or [r_pdu for r_pdu in r_msg if type(r_pdu) is not type(q_pdu)]:
        raise rpki.exceptions.BadIRDBReply, "Unexpected response to IRDB query: %s" % lxml.etree.tostring(r_msg.toXML(), pretty_print = True, encoding = "us-ascii")
      callback(r_msg)

    rpki.https.client(
      server_ta    = (self.bpki_ta, self.irdb_cert),
      client_key   = self.rpkid_key,
      client_cert  = self.rpkid_cert,
      url          = self.irdb_url,
      msg          = q_cms,
      callback     = unwrap,
      errback      = errback)

  def irdb_query_child_resources(self, self_handle, child_handle, callback, errback):
    """
    Ask IRDB about a child's resources.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()

    q_pdu = rpki.left_right.list_resources_elt()
    q_pdu.self_handle = self_handle
    q_pdu.child_handle = child_handle

    def done(r_msg):
      if len(r_msg) != 1:
        raise rpki.exceptions.BadIRDBReply, "Expected exactly one PDU from IRDB: %s" % lxml.etree.tostring(r_msg.toXML(), pretty_print = True, encoding = "us-ascii")
      callback(rpki.resource_set.resource_bag(
        asn         = r_msg[0].asn,
        v4          = r_msg[0].ipv4,
        v6          = r_msg[0].ipv6,
        valid_until = r_msg[0].valid_until))

    self.irdb_query(q_pdu, done, errback)

  def irdb_query_roa_requests(self, self_handle, callback, errback):
    """
    Ask IRDB about self's ROA requests.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()

    q_pdu = rpki.left_right.list_roa_requests_elt()
    q_pdu.self_handle = self_handle

    self.irdb_query(q_pdu, callback, errback)

  def left_right_handler(self, query, path, cb):
    """
    Process one left-right PDU.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()

    def done(r_msg):
      reply = rpki.left_right.cms_msg.wrap(r_msg, self.rpkid_key, self.rpkid_cert)
      self.sql.sweep()
      cb(200, reply)

    try:
      self.sql.ping()
      q_msg = rpki.left_right.cms_msg.unwrap(query, (self.bpki_ta, self.irbe_cert))
      if not q_msg.is_query():
        raise rpki.exceptions.BadQuery, "Message type is not query"
      q_msg.serve_top_level(self, done)
    except (rpki.async.ExitNow, SystemExit):
      raise
    except Exception, data:
      rpki.log.traceback()
      cb(500, "Unhandled exception %s" % data)

  up_down_url_regexp = re.compile("/up-down/([-A-Z0-9_]+)/([-A-Z0-9_]+)$", re.I)

  def up_down_handler(self, query, path, cb):
    """
    Process one up-down PDU.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()

    def done(reply):
      self.sql.sweep()
      cb(200, reply)

    try:
      self.sql.ping()
      match = self.up_down_url_regexp.search(path)
      if match is None:
        raise rpki.exceptions.BadContactURL, "Bad path: %s" % path
      self_handle, child_handle = match.groups()
      child = rpki.left_right.child_elt.sql_fetch_where1(self, "self.self_handle = %s AND child.child_handle = %s AND child.self_id = self.self_id",
                                                         (self_handle, child_handle), "self")
      if child is None:
        raise rpki.exceptions.ChildNotFound, "Could not find child %s" % child_handle
      child.serve_up_down(query, done)
    except (rpki.async.ExitNow, SystemExit):
      raise
    except Exception, data:
      rpki.log.traceback()
      cb(400, "Could not process PDU: %s" % data)

  def cron(self, cb = None):
    """
    Periodic tasks.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()
    self.sql.ping()

    def loop(iterator, s):

      def one():
        rpki.log.debug("Self %s[%d] polling parents" % (s.self_handle, s.self_id))
        s.client_poll(two)

      def two():
        rpki.log.debug("Self %s[%d] updating children" % (s.self_handle, s.self_id))
        s.update_children(three)

      def three():
        rpki.log.debug("Self %s[%d] updating ROAs" % (s.self_handle, s.self_id))
        s.update_roas(four)

      def four():
        rpki.log.debug("Self %s[%d] regenerating CRLs and manifests" % (s.self_handle, s.self_id))
        s.regenerate_crls_and_manifests(iterator)

      one()

    def sched():
      when = rpki.sundial.now() + rpki.sundial.timedelta(seconds = self.cron_period)
      rpki.log.debug("Scheduling next cron run at %s" % when)
      rpki.async.timer(handler = self.cron).set(when)

    def done():
      self.sql.sweep()
      if self.use_internal_cron:
        sched()
      else:
        cb()

    try:
      rpki.async.iterator(rpki.left_right.self_elt.sql_fetch_all(self), loop, done)
    except (rpki.async.ExitNow, SystemExit):
      raise
    except Exception, data:
      if self.use_internal_cron:
        rpki.log.traceback()
        sched()
      else:
        raise

  def cronjob_handler(self, query, path, cb):
    """
    External trigger for periodic tasks.  This is somewhat obsolete
    now that we have internal timers, but the test framework still
    uses it.
    """

    if self.use_internal_cron:
      cb(500, "Running cron internally")
    else:
      self.cron(lambda: cb(200, "OK"))

  ## @var https_ta_cache
  # HTTPS trust anchor cache, to avoid regenerating it for every TLS connection.
  https_ta_cache = None

  def clear_https_ta_cache(self):
    """
    Clear dynamic TLS trust anchors.
    """

    if self.https_ta_cache is not None:
      rpki.log.debug("Clearing HTTPS trusted cert cache")
      self.https_ta_cache = None

  def build_https_ta_cache(self):
    """
    Build dynamic TLS trust anchors.
    """

    if self.https_ta_cache is None:

      selves = rpki.left_right.self_elt.sql_fetch_all(self)
      children = rpki.left_right.child_elt.sql_fetch_all(self)

      self.https_ta_cache = rpki.https.build_https_ta_cache(
        [c.bpki_cert for c in children if c.bpki_cert is not None] +
        [c.bpki_glue for c in children if c.bpki_glue is not None] +
        [s.bpki_cert for s in selves if s.bpki_cert is not None] +
        [s.bpki_glue for s in selves if s.bpki_glue is not None] +
        [self.irbe_cert, self.irdb_cert, self.bpki_ta])

    return self.https_ta_cache


class ca_obj(rpki.sql.sql_persistent):
  """
  Internal CA object.
  """

  sql_template = rpki.sql.template(
    "ca",
    "ca_id",
    "last_crl_sn",
    ("next_crl_update", rpki.sundial.datetime),
    "last_issued_sn", "last_manifest_sn",
    ("next_manifest_update", rpki.sundial.datetime),
    "sia_uri", "parent_id", "parent_resource_class")

  last_crl_sn = 0
  last_issued_sn = 0
  last_manifest_sn = 0

  def parent(self):
    """Fetch parent object to which this CA object links."""
    return rpki.left_right.parent_elt.sql_fetch(self.gctx, self.parent_id)

  def ca_details(self):
    """Fetch all ca_detail objects that link to this CA object."""
    return ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch_where(self.gctx, "ca_id = %s", (self.ca_id,))

  def fetch_pending(self):
    """Fetch the pending ca_details for this CA, if any."""
    return ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch_where(self.gctx, "ca_id = %s AND state = 'pending'", (self.ca_id,))

  def fetch_active(self):
    """Fetch the active ca_detail for this CA, if any."""
    return ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch_where1(self.gctx, "ca_id = %s AND state = 'active'", (self.ca_id,))

  def fetch_deprecated(self):
    """Fetch deprecated ca_details for this CA, if any."""
    return ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch_where(self.gctx, "ca_id = %s AND state = 'deprecated'", (self.ca_id,))

  def fetch_revoked(self):
    """Fetch revoked ca_details for this CA, if any."""
    return ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch_where(self.gctx, "ca_id = %s AND state = 'revoked'", (self.ca_id,))

  def construct_sia_uri(self, parent, rc):
    """
    Construct the sia_uri value for this CA given configured
    information and the parent's up-down protocol list_response PDU.
    """

    sia_uri = rc.suggested_sia_head and rc.suggested_sia_head.rsync()
    if not sia_uri or not sia_uri.startswith(parent.sia_base):
      sia_uri = parent.sia_base
    if not sia_uri.endswith("/"):
      raise rpki.exceptions.BadURISyntax, "SIA URI must end with a slash: %s" % sia_uri
    return sia_uri + str(self.ca_id) + "/"

  def check_for_updates(self, parent, rc, cb, eb):
    """
    Parent has signaled continued existance of a resource class we
    already knew about, so we need to check for an updated
    certificate, changes in resource coverage, revocation and reissue
    with the same key, etc.
    """

    sia_uri = self.construct_sia_uri(parent, rc)
    sia_uri_changed = self.sia_uri != sia_uri
    if sia_uri_changed:
      self.sia_uri = sia_uri
      self.sql_mark_dirty()

    rc_resources = rc.to_resource_bag()
    cert_map = dict((c.cert.get_SKI(), c) for c in rc.certs)

    def loop(iterator, ca_detail):

      ski = ca_detail.latest_ca_cert.get_SKI()

      if ski not in cert_map:
        rpki.log.warn("Certificate in database missing from list_response, class %s, SKI %s, maybe parent certificate went away?"
                      % (repr(rc.class_name), ca_detail.latest_ca_cert.gSKI()))
        ca_detail.delete(self, parent.repository(), iterator, eb)
        return

      def cleanup():
        del cert_map[ski]
        iterator()

      if ca_detail.state in ("pending", "active"):
        current_resources = ca_detail.latest_ca_cert.get_3779resources()
        if (sia_uri_changed or
            ca_detail.latest_ca_cert != cert_map[ski].cert or
            current_resources.undersized(rc_resources) or
            current_resources.oversized(rc_resources)):
          ca_detail.update(
            parent           = parent,
            ca               = self,
            rc               = rc,
            sia_uri_changed  = sia_uri_changed,
            old_resources    = current_resources,
            callback         = cleanup,
            errback          = eb)
          return

      cleanup()

    def done():
      if cert_map:
        rpki.log.warn("Certificates in list_response missing from our database, class %s, SKIs %s"
                      % (repr(rc.class_name), ", ".join(c.cert.gSKI() for c in cert_map.values())))
      cb()

    rpki.async.iterator(ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch_where(self.gctx, "ca_id = %s AND latest_ca_cert IS NOT NULL AND state != 'revoked'", (self.ca_id,)), loop, done)

  @classmethod
  def create(cls, parent, rc, cb, eb):
    """
    Parent has signaled existance of a new resource class, so we need
    to create and set up a corresponding CA object.
    """

    self = cls()
    self.gctx = parent.gctx
    self.parent_id = parent.parent_id
    self.parent_resource_class = rc.class_name
    self.sql_store()
    self.sia_uri = self.construct_sia_uri(parent, rc)
    ca_detail = ca_detail_obj.create(self)

    def done(issue_response):
      ca_detail.activate(
        ca       = self,
        cert     = issue_response.payload.classes[0].certs[0].cert,
        uri      = issue_response.payload.classes[0].certs[0].cert_url,
        callback = cb,
        errback  = eb)

    rpki.up_down.issue_pdu.query(parent, self, ca_detail, done, eb)

  def delete(self, parent, callback):
    """
    The list of current resource classes received from parent does not
    include the class corresponding to this CA, so we need to delete
    it (and its little dog too...).

    All certs published by this CA are now invalid, so need to
    withdraw them, the CRL, and the manifest from the repository,
    delete all child_cert and ca_detail records associated with this
    CA, then finally delete this CA itself.
    """

    def fail(e):
      rpki.log.traceback()
      rpki.log.warn("Could not delete CA %r, skipping: %s" % (self, e))
      callback()

    def done():
      self.sql_delete()      
      callback()

    repository = parent.repository()

    def loop(iterator, ca_detail):
      ca_detail.delete(self, repository, iterator, fail)

    rpki.async.iterator(self.ca_details(), loop, done)

  def next_serial_number(self):
    """
    Allocate a certificate serial number.
    """
    self.last_issued_sn += 1
    self.sql_mark_dirty()
    return self.last_issued_sn

  def next_manifest_number(self):
    """
    Allocate a manifest serial number.
    """
    self.last_manifest_sn += 1
    self.sql_mark_dirty()
    return self.last_manifest_sn

  def next_crl_number(self):
    """
    Allocate a CRL serial number.
    """
    self.last_crl_sn += 1
    self.sql_mark_dirty()
    return self.last_crl_sn

  def rekey(self, cb, eb):
    """
    Initiate a rekey operation for this ca.  Generate a new keypair.
    Request cert from parent using new keypair.  Mark result as our
    active ca_detail.  Reissue all child certs issued by this ca using
    the new ca_detail.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()

    parent = self.parent()
    old_detail = self.fetch_active()
    new_detail = ca_detail_obj.create(self)

    def done(issue_response):
      new_detail.activate(
        ca          = self,
        cert        = issue_response.payload.classes[0].certs[0].cert,
        uri         = issue_response.payload.classes[0].certs[0].cert_url,
        predecessor = old_detail,
        callback    = cb,
        errback     = eb)

    rpki.up_down.issue_pdu.query(parent, self, new_detail, done, eb)

  def revoke(self, cb, eb):
    """
    Revoke deprecated ca_detail objects associated with this ca.
    """

    rpki.log.trace()

    def loop(iterator, ca_detail):
      ca_detail.revoke(iterator, eb)

    rpki.async.iterator(self.fetch_deprecated(), loop, cb)

class ca_detail_obj(rpki.sql.sql_persistent):
  """
  Internal CA detail object.
  """

  sql_template = rpki.sql.template(
    "ca_detail",
    "ca_detail_id",
    ("private_key_id",          rpki.x509.RSA),
    ("public_key",              rpki.x509.RSApublic),
    ("latest_ca_cert",          rpki.x509.X509),
    ("manifest_private_key_id", rpki.x509.RSA),
    ("manifest_public_key",     rpki.x509.RSApublic),
    ("latest_manifest_cert",    rpki.x509.X509),
    ("latest_manifest",         rpki.x509.SignedManifest),
    ("latest_crl",              rpki.x509.CRL),
    "state",
    "ca_cert_uri",
    "ca_id")
  
  def sql_decode(self, vals):
    """
    Extra assertions for SQL decode of a ca_detail_obj.
    """
    rpki.sql.sql_persistent.sql_decode(self, vals)
    assert (self.public_key is None and self.private_key_id is None) or \
           self.public_key.get_DER() == self.private_key_id.get_public_DER()
    assert (self.manifest_public_key is None and self.manifest_private_key_id is None) or \
           self.manifest_public_key.get_DER() == self.manifest_private_key_id.get_public_DER()

  def ca(self):
    """Fetch CA object to which this ca_detail links."""
    return ca_obj.sql_fetch(self.gctx, self.ca_id)

  def child_certs(self, child = None, ski = None, unique = False):
    """Fetch all child_cert objects that link to this ca_detail."""
    return rpki.rpki_engine.child_cert_obj.fetch(self.gctx, child, self, ski, unique)

  def revoked_certs(self):
    """Fetch all revoked_cert objects that link to this ca_detail."""
    return revoked_cert_obj.sql_fetch_where(self.gctx, "ca_detail_id = %s", (self.ca_detail_id,))

  def roas(self):
    """Fetch all ROA objects that link to this ca_detail."""
    return rpki.rpki_engine.roa_obj.sql_fetch_where(self.gctx, "ca_detail_id = %s", (self.ca_detail_id,))

  def crl_uri(self, ca):
    """Return publication URI for this ca_detail's CRL."""
    return ca.sia_uri + self.crl_uri_tail()

  def crl_uri_tail(self):
    """Return tail (filename portion) of publication URI for this ca_detail's CRL."""
    return self.public_key.gSKI() + ".crl"

  def manifest_uri(self, ca):
    """Return publication URI for this ca_detail's manifest."""
    return ca.sia_uri + self.public_key.gSKI() + ".mnf"

  def activate(self, ca, cert, uri, callback, errback, predecessor = None):
    """
    Activate this ca_detail.
    """

    self.latest_ca_cert = cert
    self.ca_cert_uri = uri.rsync()
    self.generate_manifest_cert(ca)

    def did_crl():
      self.generate_manifest(callback = did_manifest, errback = errback)

    def did_manifest():
      self.state = "active"
      self.sql_mark_dirty()
      if predecessor is None:
        callback()
      else:
        predecessor.state = "deprecated"
        predecessor.sql_mark_dirty()
        rpki.async.iterator(predecessor.child_certs(), do_one_child_cert, done_child_certs)

    def do_one_child_cert(iterator, child_cert):
      child_cert.reissue(self, iterator.ignore, errback)

    def done_child_certs():
      rpki.async.iterator(predecessor.roas(), do_one_roa, callback)

    def do_one_roa(iterator, roa):
      roa.regenerate_roa(iterator, errback)

    self.generate_crl(callback = did_crl, errback = errback)

  def delete(self, ca, repository, cb, eb):
    """
    Delete this ca_detail and all of the certs it issued.
    """

    def withdraw_one_child(iterator, child_cert):
      repository.withdraw(child_cert.cert, child_cert.uri(ca), iterator, eb)

    def child_certs_done():
      rpki.async.iterator(self.roas(), withdraw_one_roa, withdraw_manifest)

    def withdraw_one_roa(iterator, roa):
      roa.withdraw_roa(iterator, eb)

    def withdraw_manifest():
      repository.withdraw(self.latest_manifest, self.manifest_uri(ca), withdraw_crl, eb)

    def withdraw_crl():
      repository.withdraw(self.latest_crl, self.crl_uri(ca), done, eb)

    def done():
      for cert in self.child_certs() + self.revoked_certs():
        cert.sql_delete()
      self.sql_delete()
      cb()

    rpki.async.iterator(self.child_certs(), withdraw_one_child, child_certs_done)

  def revoke(self, cb, eb):
    """
    Request revocation of all certificates whose SKI matches the key
    for this ca_detail.

    Tasks:

    - Request revocation of old keypair by parent.

    - Revoke all child certs issued by the old keypair.

    - Generate a final CRL, signed with the old keypair, listing all
      the revoked certs, with a next CRL time after the last cert or
      CRL signed by the old keypair will have expired.

    - Generate a corresponding final manifest.

    - Destroy old keypairs.

    - Leave final CRL and manifest in place until their nextupdate
      time has passed.
    """

    def parent_revoked(r_msg):

      if r_msg.payload.ski != self.latest_ca_cert.gSKI():
        raise rpki.exceptions.SKIMismatch

      ca = self.ca()
      parent = ca.parent()
      crl_interval = rpki.sundial.timedelta(seconds = parent.self().crl_interval)

      self.nextUpdate = rpki.sundial.now()

      if self.latest_manifest is not None:
        self.nextUpdate = self.nextUpdate.later(self.latest_manifest.getNextUpdate())

      if self.latest_crl is not None:
        self.nextUpdate = self.nextUpdate.later(self.latest_crl.getNextUpdate())

      def revoke_one_child(iterator, child_cert):
        self.nextUpdate = self.nextUpdate.later(child_cert.cert.getNotAfter())
        child_cert.revoke(iterator, eb)

      def final_crl():
        self.nextUpdate += crl_interval
        self.generate_crl(callback = final_manifest, errback = eb, nextUpdate = self.nextUpdate)

      def final_manifest():
        self.generate_manifest(callback = done, errback = eb, nextUpdate = self.nextUpdate)

      def done():
        self.private_key_id = None
        self.manifest_private_key_id = None
        self.manifest_public_key = None
        self.latest_manifest_cert = None
        self.state = "revoked"
        self.sql_mark_dirty()
        cb()

      rpki.async.iterator(self.child_certs(), revoke_one_child, final_crl)

    rpki.up_down.revoke_pdu.query(self, parent_revoked, eb)

  def update(self, parent, ca, rc, sia_uri_changed, old_resources, callback, errback):
    """
    Need to get a new certificate for this ca_detail and perhaps frob
    children of this ca_detail.
    """

    def issued(issue_response):
      self.latest_ca_cert = issue_response.payload.classes[0].certs[0].cert
      new_resources = self.latest_ca_cert.get_3779resources()

      def loop(iterator, child_cert):
        child_resources = child_cert.cert.get_3779resources()
        if sia_uri_changed or child_resources.oversized(new_resources):
          child_cert.reissue(
            ca_detail = self,
            resources = child_resources.intersection(new_resources),
            callback  = iterator.ignore,
            errback   = errback)
        else:
          iterator()

      if sia_uri_changed or old_resources.oversized(new_resources):
        rpki.async.iterator(self.child_certs(), loop, callback)
      else:
        callback()

    rpki.up_down.issue_pdu.query(parent, ca, self, issued, errback)

  @classmethod
  def create(cls, ca):
    """
    Create a new ca_detail object for a specified CA.
    """
    self = cls()
    self.gctx = ca.gctx
    self.ca_id = ca.ca_id
    self.state = "pending"

    self.private_key_id = rpki.x509.RSA.generate()
    self.public_key = self.private_key_id.get_RSApublic()

    self.manifest_private_key_id = rpki.x509.RSA.generate()
    self.manifest_public_key = self.manifest_private_key_id.get_RSApublic()

    self.sql_store()
    return self

  def issue_ee(self, ca, resources, subject_key, sia = None):
    """
    Issue a new EE certificate.
    """

    return self.latest_ca_cert.issue(
      keypair     = self.private_key_id,
      subject_key = subject_key,
      serial      = ca.next_serial_number(),
      sia         = sia,
      aia         = self.ca_cert_uri,
      crldp       = self.crl_uri(ca),
      resources   = resources,
      notAfter    = self.latest_ca_cert.getNotAfter(),
      is_ca       = False)


  def generate_manifest_cert(self, ca):
    """
    Generate a new manifest certificate for this ca_detail.
    """

    resources = rpki.resource_set.resource_bag(
      asn = rpki.resource_set.resource_set_as("<inherit>"),
      v4 = rpki.resource_set.resource_set_ipv4("<inherit>"),
      v6 = rpki.resource_set.resource_set_ipv6("<inherit>"))

    self.latest_manifest_cert = self.issue_ee(ca, resources, self.manifest_public_key)

  def issue(self, ca, child, subject_key, sia, resources, callback, errback, child_cert = None):
    """
    Issue a new certificate to a child.  Optional child_cert argument
    specifies an existing child_cert object to update in place; if not
    specified, we create a new one.  Returns the child_cert object
    containing the newly issued cert.
    """

    assert child_cert is None or (child_cert.child_id == child.child_id and
                                  child_cert.ca_detail_id == self.ca_detail_id)

    cert = self.latest_ca_cert.issue(
      keypair     = self.private_key_id,
      subject_key = subject_key,
      serial      = ca.next_serial_number(),
      aia         = self.ca_cert_uri,
      crldp       = self.crl_uri(ca),
      sia         = sia,
      resources   = resources,
      notAfter    = resources.valid_until)

    if child_cert is None:
      child_cert = rpki.rpki_engine.child_cert_obj(
        gctx         = child.gctx,
        child_id     = child.child_id,
        ca_detail_id = self.ca_detail_id,
        cert         = cert)
      rpki.log.debug("Created new child_cert %s" % repr(child_cert))
    else:
      child_cert.cert = cert
      rpki.log.debug("Reusing existing child_cert %s" % repr(child_cert))

    child_cert.ski = cert.get_SKI()

    child_cert.sql_store()

    def published():
      self.generate_manifest(done, errback)

    def done():
      callback(child_cert)
      
    ca.parent().repository().publish(child_cert.cert, child_cert.uri(ca), published, errback)

  def generate_crl(self, callback, errback, nextUpdate = None):
    """
    Generate a new CRL for this ca_detail.  At the moment this is
    unconditional, that is, it is up to the caller to decide whether a
    new CRL is needed.
    """

    ca = self.ca()
    parent = ca.parent()
    repository = parent.repository()
    crl_interval = rpki.sundial.timedelta(seconds = parent.self().crl_interval)
    now = rpki.sundial.now()

    if nextUpdate is None:
      nextUpdate = now + crl_interval

    certlist = []
    for revoked_cert in self.revoked_certs():
      if now > revoked_cert.expires + crl_interval:
        revoked_cert.sql_delete()
      else:
        certlist.append((revoked_cert.serial, revoked_cert.revoked.toASN1tuple(), ()))
    certlist.sort()

    self.latest_crl = rpki.x509.CRL.generate(
      keypair             = self.private_key_id,
      issuer              = self.latest_ca_cert,
      serial              = ca.next_crl_number(),
      thisUpdate          = now,
      nextUpdate          = nextUpdate,
      revokedCertificates = certlist)

    repository.publish(self.latest_crl, self.crl_uri(ca), callback = callback, errback = errback)

  def generate_manifest(self, callback, errback, nextUpdate = None):
    """
    Generate a new manifest for this ca_detail.
    """

    ca = self.ca()
    parent = ca.parent()
    repository = parent.repository()
    crl_interval = rpki.sundial.timedelta(seconds = parent.self().crl_interval)
    now = rpki.sundial.now()

    if nextUpdate is None:
      nextUpdate = now + crl_interval

    roas = [r for r in self.roas() if r.cert is not None and r.roa is not None]

    if self.latest_manifest_cert is None or self.latest_manifest_cert.getNotAfter() < nextUpdate:
      self.generate_manifest_cert(ca)

    certs = [(c.uri_tail(), c.cert) for c in self.child_certs()] + \
            [(r.roa_uri_tail(), r.roa) for r in roas] + \
            [(self.crl_uri_tail(), self.latest_crl)]

    self.latest_manifest = rpki.x509.SignedManifest.build(
      serial         = ca.next_manifest_number(),
      thisUpdate     = now,
      nextUpdate     = nextUpdate,
      names_and_objs = certs,
      keypair        = self.manifest_private_key_id,
      certs          = self.latest_manifest_cert)

    repository.publish(self.latest_manifest, self.manifest_uri(ca), callback = callback, errback = errback)

class child_cert_obj(rpki.sql.sql_persistent):
  """
  Certificate that has been issued to a child.
  """

  sql_template = rpki.sql.template(
    "child_cert",
    "child_cert_id",
    ("cert", rpki.x509.X509),
    "child_id",
    "ca_detail_id",
    "ski")

  def __init__(self, gctx = None, child_id = None, ca_detail_id = None, cert = None):
    """
    Initialize a child_cert_obj.
    """
    rpki.sql.sql_persistent.__init__(self)
    self.gctx = gctx
    self.child_id = child_id
    self.ca_detail_id = ca_detail_id
    self.cert = cert
    if child_id or ca_detail_id or cert:
      self.sql_mark_dirty()

  def child(self):
    """Fetch child object to which this child_cert object links."""
    return rpki.left_right.child_elt.sql_fetch(self.gctx, self.child_id)

  def ca_detail(self):
    """Fetch ca_detail object to which this child_cert object links."""
    return ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch(self.gctx, self.ca_detail_id)

  def uri_tail(self):
    """Return the tail (filename) portion of the URI for this child_cert."""
    return self.cert.gSKI() + ".cer"

  def uri(self, ca):
    """Return the publication URI for this child_cert."""
    return ca.sia_uri + self.uri_tail()

  def revoke(self, callback, errback, withdraw = True):
    """
    Revoke a child cert.
    """

    rpki.log.debug("Revoking %s" % repr(self))
    ca_detail = self.ca_detail()
    ca = ca_detail.ca()
    revoked_cert_obj.revoke(cert = self.cert, ca_detail = ca_detail)

    def done():
      self.gctx.sql.sweep()
      self.sql_delete()
      callback()

    if withdraw:
      ca.parent().repository().withdraw(self.cert, self.uri(ca), done, errback)
    else:
      rpki.log.info("Suppressing withdrawal of %r" % self.cert)
      done()

  def reissue(self, ca_detail, callback, errback, resources = None, sia = None):
    """
    Reissue an existing cert, reusing the public key.  If the cert we
    would generate is identical to the one we already have, we just
    return the one we already have.  If we have to revoke the old
    certificate when generating the new one, we have to generate a new
    child_cert_obj, so calling code that needs the updated
    child_cert_obj must use the return value from this method.
    """

    ca = ca_detail.ca()
    child = self.child()

    old_resources = self.cert.get_3779resources()
    old_sia       = self.cert.get_SIA()
    old_ca_detail = self.ca_detail()

    if resources is None:
      resources = old_resources

    if sia is None:
      sia = old_sia

    assert resources.valid_until is not None and old_resources.valid_until is not None

    if resources == old_resources and sia == old_sia and ca_detail == old_ca_detail:
      return callback(self)

    must_revoke = old_resources.oversized(resources) or old_resources.valid_until > resources.valid_until
    new_issuer  = ca_detail != old_ca_detail

    rpki.log.debug("Reissuing %r, must_revoke %s, new_issuer %s" % (self, must_revoke, new_issuer))

    if resources.valid_until != old_resources.valid_until:
      rpki.log.debug("Validity changed: %s %s" % ( old_resources.valid_until, resources.valid_until))

    def revoke(child_cert):

      uri = child_cert.uri(ca)
      rpki.log.debug("New child_cert %r uri %s" % (child_cert, uri))

      def loop(iterator, x):
        rpki.log.debug("Revoking child_cert %r" % x)
        x.revoke(iterator, errback, withdraw = x.uri(ca) != uri)

      def manifest():
        ca_detail.generate_manifest(done, errback)

      def done():
        callback(child_cert)        

      certs_to_revoke = [x for x in child.child_certs(ca_detail = ca_detail, ski = self.ski) if x is not child_cert]

      if certs_to_revoke:
        rpki.async.iterator(certs_to_revoke, loop, manifest)
      else:
        done()

    ca_detail.issue(
      ca          = ca,
      child       = child,
      subject_key = self.cert.getPublicKey(),
      sia         = sia,
      resources   = resources,
      child_cert  = None if must_revoke or new_issuer else self,
      callback    = revoke if must_revoke else callback,
      errback     = errback)

  @classmethod
  def fetch(cls, gctx = None, child = None, ca_detail = None, ski = None, unique = False):
    """
    Fetch all child_cert objects matching a particular set of
    parameters.  This is a wrapper to consolidate various queries that
    would otherwise be inline SQL WHERE expressions.  In most cases
    code calls this indirectly, through methods in other classes.
    """

    args = []
    where = []

    if child:
      where.append("child_id = %s")
      args.append(child.child_id)

    if ca_detail:
      where.append("ca_detail_id = %s")
      args.append(ca_detail.ca_detail_id)

    if ski:
      where.append("ski = %s")
      args.append(ski)

    where = " AND ".join(where)

    gctx = gctx or (child and child.gctx) or (ca_detail and ca_detail.gctx) or None

    if unique:
      return cls.sql_fetch_where1(gctx, where, args)
    else:
      return cls.sql_fetch_where(gctx, where, args)

class revoked_cert_obj(rpki.sql.sql_persistent):
  """
  Tombstone for a revoked certificate.
  """

  sql_template = rpki.sql.template(
    "revoked_cert",
    "revoked_cert_id",
    "serial",
    "ca_detail_id",
    ("revoked", rpki.sundial.datetime),
    ("expires", rpki.sundial.datetime))

  def __init__(self, gctx = None, serial = None, revoked = None, expires = None, ca_detail_id = None):
    """Initialize a revoked_cert_obj."""
    rpki.sql.sql_persistent.__init__(self)
    self.gctx = gctx
    self.serial = serial
    self.revoked = revoked
    self.expires = expires
    self.ca_detail_id = ca_detail_id
    if serial or revoked or expires or ca_detail_id:
      self.sql_mark_dirty()

  def ca_detail(self):
    """Fetch ca_detail object to which this revoked_cert_obj links."""
    return ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch(self.gctx, self.ca_detail_id)

  @classmethod
  def revoke(cls, cert, ca_detail):
    """
    Revoke a certificate.
    """
    return cls(
      serial       = cert.getSerial(),
      expires      = cert.getNotAfter(),
      revoked      = rpki.sundial.now(),
      gctx         = ca_detail.gctx,
      ca_detail_id = ca_detail.ca_detail_id)

class roa_obj(rpki.sql.sql_persistent):
  """
  Route Origin Authorization.
  """

  sql_template = rpki.sql.template(
    "roa",
    "roa_id",
    "ca_detail_id",
    "self_id",
    "asn",
    ("roa", rpki.x509.ROA),
    ("cert", rpki.x509.X509))

  ca_detail_id = None
  cert = None
  roa = None

  def self(self):
    """
    Fetch self object to which this roa_obj links.
    """
    return rpki.left_right.self_elt.sql_fetch(self.gctx, self.self_id)

  def sql_fetch_hook(self):
    """
    Extra SQL fetch actions for roa_obj -- handle prefix lists.
    """
    for version, datatype, attribute in ((4, rpki.resource_set.roa_prefix_set_ipv4, "ipv4"),
                                         (6, rpki.resource_set.roa_prefix_set_ipv6, "ipv6")):
      setattr(self, attribute, datatype.from_sql(
        self.gctx.sql,
        """
            SELECT prefix, prefixlen, max_prefixlen FROM roa_prefix
            WHERE roa_id = %s AND version = %s
        """,
        (self.roa_id, version)))

  def sql_insert_hook(self):
    """
    Extra SQL insert actions for roa_obj -- handle prefix lists.
    """
    for version, prefix_set in ((4, self.ipv4), (6, self.ipv6)):
      if prefix_set:
        self.gctx.sql.executemany(
          """
            INSERT roa_prefix (roa_id, prefix, prefixlen, max_prefixlen, version)
            VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
          """,
          ((self.roa_id, x.prefix, x.prefixlen, x.max_prefixlen, version)
           for x in prefix_set))

  def sql_delete_hook(self):
    """
    Extra SQL delete actions for roa_obj -- handle prefix lists.
    """
    self.gctx.sql.execute("DELETE FROM roa_prefix WHERE roa_id = %s", (self.roa_id,))

  def ca_detail(self):
    """
    Fetch all ca_detail objects that link to this roa_obj.
    """
    return rpki.rpki_engine.ca_detail_obj.sql_fetch(self.gctx, self.ca_detail_id)

  def update_roa(self, callback):
    """
    Bring this roa_obj's ROA up to date if necesssary.
    """

    def lose(e):
      rpki.log.traceback()
      rpki.log.warn("Could not update ROA %r, skipping: %s" % (self, e))
      callback()
      return

    if self.roa is None:
      self.generate_roa(callback, lose)
      return

    ca_detail = self.ca_detail()

    if ca_detail is None or ca_detail.state != "active":
      self.regenerate_roa(callback, lose)
      return

    regen_margin = rpki.sundial.timedelta(seconds = self.self().regen_margin)

    if rpki.sundial.now() + regen_margin > self.cert.getNotAfter():
      self.regenerate_roa(callback, lose)
      return

    ca_resources = ca_detail.latest_ca_cert.get_3779resources()
    ee_resources = self.cert.get_3779resources()

    if ee_resources.oversized(ca_resources):
      self.regenerate_roa(callback, lose)
      return

    v4 = self.ipv4.to_resource_set() if self.ipv4 is not None else rpki.resource_set.resource_set_ipv4()
    v6 = self.ipv6.to_resource_set() if self.ipv6 is not None else rpki.resource_set.resource_set_ipv6()

    if ee_resources.v4 != v4 or ee_resources.v6 != v6:
      self.regenerate_roa(callback, lose)
      return

    callback()

  def generate_roa(self, callback, errback):
    """
    Generate a ROA.

    At present this does not support ROAs with multiple signatures
    (neither does the current CMS code).

    At present we have no way of performing a direct lookup from a
    desired set of resources to a covering certificate, so we have to
    search.  This could be quite slow if we have a lot of active
    ca_detail objects.  Punt on the issue for now, revisit if
    profiling shows this as a hotspot.

    Once we have the right covering certificate, we generate the ROA
    payload, generate a new EE certificate, use the EE certificate to
    sign the ROA payload, publish the result, then throw away the
    private key for the EE cert, all per the ROA specification.  This
    implies that generating a lot of ROAs will tend to thrash
    /dev/random, but there is not much we can do about that.
    """

    if self.ipv4 is None and self.ipv6 is None:
      raise rpki.exceptions.EmptyROAPrefixList

    # Ugly and expensive search for covering ca_detail, there has to
    # be a better way, but it would require the ability to test for
    # resource subsets in SQL.

    v4 = self.ipv4.to_resource_set() if self.ipv4 is not None else rpki.resource_set.resource_set_ipv4()
    v6 = self.ipv6.to_resource_set() if self.ipv6 is not None else rpki.resource_set.resource_set_ipv6()

    ca_detail = self.ca_detail()
    if ca_detail is None or ca_detail.state != "active":
      ca_detail = None
      for parent in self.self().parents():
        for ca in parent.cas():
          ca_detail = ca.fetch_active()
          if ca_detail is not None:
            resources = ca_detail.latest_ca_cert.get_3779resources()
            if v4.issubset(resources.v4) and v6.issubset(resources.v6):
              break
            ca_detail = None
        if ca_detail is not None:
          break

    if ca_detail is None:
      raise rpki.exceptions.NoCoveringCertForROA, "generate_roa() could not find a certificate covering %s %s" % (v4, v6)

    ca = ca_detail.ca()

    resources = rpki.resource_set.resource_bag(v4 = v4, v6 = v6)

    keypair = rpki.x509.RSA.generate()

    self.ca_detail_id = ca_detail.ca_detail_id

    self.cert = ca_detail.issue_ee(ca, resources, keypair.get_RSApublic(),
                                   sia = ((rpki.oids.name2oid["id-ad-signedObject"],
                                           ("uri", self.roa_uri(keypair))),))

    self.roa = rpki.x509.ROA.build(self.asn, self.ipv4, self.ipv6, keypair, (self.cert,))

    self.sql_store()

    def done():
      ca_detail.generate_manifest(callback, errback)

    ca.parent().repository().publish(self.roa, self.roa_uri(), done, errback)

  def withdraw_roa(self, callback, errback, regenerate = False):
    """
    Withdraw ROA associated with this roa_obj.

    In order to preserve make-before-break properties without
    duplicating code, this method also handles generating a
    replacement ROA when requested.
    """

    ca_detail = self.ca_detail()
    cert = self.cert
    roa = self.roa
    roa_uri = self.roa_uri()
    ee_uri = self.ee_uri()

    if ca_detail.state != 'active':
      self.ca_detail_id = None

    def one():
      rpki.log.debug("Withdrawing ROA and revoking its EE cert")
      rpki.rpki_engine.revoked_cert_obj.revoke(cert = cert, ca_detail = ca_detail)
      ca_detail.ca().parent().repository().withdraw(roa, roa_uri, two, errback)

    def two():
      self.gctx.sql.sweep()
      ca_detail.generate_crl(three, errback)

    def three():
      ca_detail.generate_manifest(four, errback)

    def four():
      self.sql_delete()
      callback()

    if regenerate:
      self.generate_roa(one, errback)
    else:
      one()

  def regenerate_roa(self, callback, errback):
    """
    Reissue ROA associated with this roa_obj.
    """
    if self.ca_detail() is None:
      self.generate_roa(callback, errback)
    else:
      self.withdraw_roa(callback, errback, regenerate = True)

  def roa_uri(self, key = None):
    """
    Return the publication URI for this roa_obj's ROA.
    """
    return self.ca_detail().ca().sia_uri + self.roa_uri_tail(key)

  def roa_uri_tail(self, key = None):
    """
    Return the tail (filename portion) of the publication URI for this
    roa_obj's ROA.
    """
    return (key or self.cert).gSKI() + ".roa"

  def ee_uri_tail(self):
    """
    Return the tail (filename) portion of the URI for this roa_obj's
    ROA's EE certificate.
    """
    return self.cert.gSKI() + ".cer"

  def ee_uri(self):
    """
    Return the publication URI for this roa_obj's ROA's EE
    certificate.
    """
    return self.ca_detail().ca().sia_uri + self.ee_uri_tail()